- Что такое пассивный залог?
- Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple Passive. (USUALLY) 1. The postbox — Школьные
- Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форму пассивного залога Present Simple. Например: Their — Школьные
- Easy exercises on past simple passive.
- Easy exercises on present simple passive.
- Exercises on present simple passive. level – intermediate.
- Level : pre-intermediate.
- Passive voice easy exercises.
- Passive voice intermediate exercises.
- Passive voice pre-intermediate exercises.
- Past simple passive voice. exercises level pre-intermediate.
- Present simple passive (страдательный залог): упражнение № 1. раскройте скобки
- Present simple passive (страдательный залог): упражнение № 2. переведите предложения
- Present simple passive: упражнения с ответами | englishpresent
- V. a) use each verb in present simple passive, past simple passive or future simple — школьные
- А) используйте каждый глагол в present simple passive past simple passive и future simple — школьные
- Как перевести предложение из активного залога в пассивный?
- Когда употребляется страдательный залог?
- Модальные глаголы в пассивном залоге.
- Образование форм passive voice
- Ответы к упражнениям.
- Ответы к упражнениям. answers to the exercises.
- Помогите пожалуйста : use each verb in present simple passive. past simple passive or future — школьные
- Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форму пассивного залога past simple. например: your credit card — школьные
- Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в present, past, future simple passive. 1. this bone — школьные
- Употребление пассивного залога с разными типами глаголов
- Употребление предлогов by, with в passive voice
- Упражнение 1. времена simple в пассивном залоге
- Упражнение 2. времена continuous в пассивном залоге
- Упражнение 3. времена pefrect в пассивном залоге
- Упражнение 4. все времена в пассивном залоге.
- Упражнение на английский пассивный залог | объясним ответы
- Упражнения
Что такое пассивный залог?
В английском языке залог указывает на то, выполняет ли подлежащее действие самостоятельно (активный / действительный залог), или действие совершается над ним (пассивный / страдательный залог). Таким образом, есть два залога:
- Active Voice
- Passive Voice
Если подлежащее обозначает лицо или предмет, совершающийдействие, то сказуемое употребляется в форме действительного залога.
My boss gave me a bonus. – Начальник выдал мне премию (начальник сам выдал).
The hurricane ruined his house. Ураган разрушил его дом (ураган сам разрушил).
Если подлежащее обозначает лицо или предмет, подвергающийся действию со стороны другого лица или предмета, сказуемое употребляется в форме страдательного залога.
I was given a bonus. – Мне дали премию
His house was ruined. – Его дом был разрушен.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple Passive. (USUALLY) 1. The postbox — Школьные
1. The postbox is emptied every day.
2. The stamps are postmarked at the post office.
3. The letters are sorted into the different towns.
4. The mail is loaded into the train.
5. The mailbags are unloaded after their journey.
6. The bags are taken to the post office.
7. The letters are sorted into the different streets.
8. The letters are delivered.
Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форму пассивного залога Present Simple. Например: Their — Школьные
Easy exercises on past simple passive.
Упражнение 1. Fill in the verb in the Past Active or Passive Voice.
- The Cape of Good Hope … (discovered / was discovered) by Bartolomeo Dias.
- The clown … (entertained / was entertained) the public.
- We … (arrived/ were arrived) at the camp in time.
- Many experiments … (did/ were done) under water.
- Many people … (invited / were invited) to the festival.
- They … (discussed / were discussed) many exciting things.
- I … (learnt / was learnt) many interesting things in this unit.
- What artist … (painted / was painted) this picture?
Easy exercises on present simple passive.
Упражнение 1. Fill in the verb is or are.
- Grammar rules … always learnt by heart.
- Rare animals … protected in many countries.
- This scarf … made by my granny.
- Animals in the reserve … fed two times a day.
- The same shirts … worn by all the members of our team.
- New Belarussian books … shown in our library
- Many Belarussian towns … described in this book.
- Dinner … always cooked by my mother.
- This place … crowded on Sunday.
- Our village … surrounded with a forest.
Упражнение 2. Write true sentences in Passive Voice. Use the words in table.
1) BMW cars 2) CDs 3) Tea 4) Modems 5) Cricket 6) TV pictures | is are | grown in India. sent via satellite. played in England. sold in music shops. made in Germany. used to access the Internet. |
The house The children We The letter The newspapers Dinner The picture The classroom I Potatoes | am is are | invited to the concert brought in the morning cooked by my mother painted by my friend cleaned every day given text-books at school built of stone written in English not allowed to ride a motor-bike. grown in many countries. |
Упражнение 3 . Choose the correct form of the verb in brackets to complete the sentences.
- I … (like / am liked) this place.
- What books by Charles Dickens … (translated / are translated) into Belarussian?
- Who … (protects / is protected) animals?
- This city … (is visited / visited) by many people.
- Who … (gives / is given) bad marks in your class?
- Our house … (made /is made) of wood.
- Our holiday … (is begun / begins) next week.
- Pupils … (are given / give) textbooks by the teacher.
- The holiday … (celebrated / is celebrated) every year.
Exercises on present simple passive. level – intermediate.
Упражнение 9. Answer the questions using the words in brackets.
- Do many tourists come to Britain? (is visited )
- Where is the ‘garden of England? (is situated)
- Does it snow in the mountains of Wales? (are covered with)
- What language do people in Scotland speak? (is spoken)
- Are there many seas around the country? (is surrounded by / is washed by)
- Do they make world-famous crafts and clothes in Scotland? (are made)
- Do many people know about the beautiful mountains and lakes of Wales? (are known all over the world)
- Why is the green colour a symbol of Northern Ireland? (is covered)
Упражнение 10. Make up questions in Simple Present Passive.
What When Where Why By whom How | the windows this box tea envelopes your homework rare animals these houses milk dinner | to check up? to make of? to protect? to grow? to wash? to keep? to sell? to build? to serve? |
Упражнение 11. Change the verbs from Active into Passive.
Example:
The teacher helps the pupils.
— The pupils are helped by the teacher.
They grow rice in India.
— Rice is grown in India.
- I take books at the library.
- Boys play football.
- We clean our classroom after the lessons.
- The postman brings newspapers every day.
- They show American films every Sunday on TV.
- We keep the dog in the yard. .
- We give milk to our cat every day.
- We usually pick apples in September.
- He shows me his stamps each time when I come to his place.
- They use disks for storing information.
- They discover new planets every day.
- People give presents at Christmas.
- They speak Spanish in Peru.
- They tidy the classroom every day.
Упражнение 12. Change the sentences from Active into Passive. Then make questions about these sentences.
Example:
I keep my pet in the house.
— My pet is kept in the house.
— Where is your pet kept?
- We always write new words into our exercise books.
- Exercises follow every text.
- The pupils use the school library.
- Not all pupils wear the school uniform.
- The teacher gives us all the text-books.
- My mother washes my clothes.
Упражнение 13 .Write questions to the sentences
- The park is situated in the centre of the city, (what, where)
- The statue is made by a famous sculptor, (disjunctive)
- Demonstrations are held in this square, (what, where)
- The square is planned round the monument. (general)
- The obelisk is decorated with figures, (how)
- The tent is put up on a rock, (alternative)
Упражнение 14. Change the sentences from Active into Passive.
- Do they sell shoes in this shop?
- Do they bring tea from India?
- Do they teach English at your school?
- Do they make bicycles at this factory?
- Do they pay him a lot of money?
- Where do they sell bananas?
Упражнение 15. Translate into English.
- Слова написаны на доске.
- Эта книга продается во всех магазинах
- Ему часто отправляют письма?
- Когда приносят газеты?
- Этот парк всегда показывают туристам.
- Завтрак не дают в нашей школе.
- Эти тексты не учат наизусть.
Level : pre-intermediate.
Упражнение 4. Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice form of the verb in brackets.
Mushroom and Ham Salad
First, 5 mushrooms … (1 – cut) into small pieces and …(2 — mix) with two cut spring onions. Then, 100 g cooked ham …(3— cut) into fine cubes. Now, mushrooms, onions and ham … (4 — mix) in a bowl. Finally, 2 tablespoons of lemon juice … (5 — mix) with 1 tablespoon of soy sauce and the mixture… (6 — add) to the salad mixture. Enjoy your salad!
The news reporter and a camera operator _______ (1 – send) to investigate a news story. People_____ (2 – interview) by a reporter and the interviews ______ (3 – film) by a camera operator. The film ____ (4 – take) back to the TV studio, and the best parts of the film _______ (5 – choose) by the news editor.
My motherland is the Republic of Belarus. My country (1 – situate) in the centre of Europe. It (2 – make up) of six regions: Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno, Minsk and Mogilev. Belarus (3 – not wash) by any seas or oceans, so it (4 – not separate) from other countries by seas and oceans. Belarus (5 – border) by five countries.
Belarus is mostly flat (плоская). Some uplands can (6 – find) near Minsk and in some districts of Mogilev and Grodno regions. Most of Belarus (7 – cover) by forests. It is a beautiful country with a lot of lakes.
Упражнение 5. Put the passive sentences in order.
- in a lot of schools / are / used / Computers
- of plastic / made / are / CDs
- seen / The information / on a screen/can be
- are / very quickly / The answers / calculated
- played / The game / is / on a computer
- with a modem / are / sent / E-mails
- is / on a disk / Information / stored
- sent / Text messages / are / using mobile phones
- to get information / used / is / The Internet
Упражнение 6. Respond to the situations with a negative sentence using the words and word combinations in brackets.
Example:
Cars are made at this factory, (bicycles)
— But bicycles are not made at this factory.
- Bread is sold in this shop, (milk)
- Our house is built of wood, (their house)
- My books are kept on the shelf. exercise-books )
- My younger sister is usually given fruit and milk for supper, (my elder brother)
- Apples are grown in Belarus, (oranges)
- Glass is made of sand, (paper)
- My dresses are made by my mother, (jackets)
- Films are watched by many people, (sports programmes)
- This apple-tree is planted by me. (that cherry-tree)
- All the words are always learnt by the pupils. (rules)
Упражнение 7. Answer the questions in Simple Present Passive.
Example:
Is football played in the yard?
— Yes, it is. It’s sometimes played in the yard.
— No, it isn’t. It’s usually played in the field.
Is it played by boys or by girls?
— It’s played by boys as a rule.
- Are you always given good marks?
- Is your friend also given good marks?
- Is your homework always done in time?
- Are you often given money by your parents?
- Is chess played by two or three people?
- Are you often punished at home?
- Are trees planted in summer or in autumn?
- Are you shown pictures at your English lessons?
- Are your exercise-books collected at the beginning or at the end of the lesson?
Упражнение 8. Ask for more information about the sentences using the words in brackets.
Example:
The children are left after the lessons.(why,how often)
— Why are the children left after the lessons?
—How often are the children left after the lessons?
- The game is won by our school team, (what game)
- The map is brought from England, (when)
- My books are not kept on the shelf, (why)
- School meetings are held every month, (where)
- The glass is filled with something, (what)
- Hockey is usually played by boys, (when)
- Oranges are not grown in Belarus, (why)
- The dinner is not yet served, (why)
- New rules are explained at the lesson, (by whom)
Passive voice easy exercises.
Упражнение 1.
1 are, 2 are, 3 is, 4 are, 5 are, 6 are, 7 are, 8 is, 9 is, 10 is
Упражнение 2.
- BMW cars are made in Germany.
- CDs are sold in music shops.
- Tea is grown in India.
- Modems are used to access the Internet.
- Cricket is played in England.
- TV pictures are sent via satellite.
The house is built of stone
The children are not allowed to ride a motor-bike.
We are given text-books at school
The letter is written in English
The newspapers are brought in the morning
Dinner is cooked by my mother
The picture is painted by my friend.
The classroom is cleaned every day.
I am invited to the concert
Potatoes are grown in many countries.
Упражнение 3.
1 like, 2 are translated, 3 protects, 4 is visited, 5 is given, 6 is made, 7 begins, 8 are given, 9 is celebrated
Passive voice intermediate exercises.
Упражнение 9. Your own answers.
Упражнение 10. Your own answers.
Упражнение 11. Possible answers.
- Books are taken at the library by me.
- Football is played by boys.
- Our classroom is cleaned by us after the lessons.
- Newspapers are brought by the postman every day.
- American films are shown every Sunday on TV.
- The dog is kept keep in the yard. .
- Our cat is given milk every day.
- Apples are usually picked in September.
- His stamps are shown to me by him each time when I come to his place.
- Disks are used for storing information.
- New planets are discovered every day.
- Presents are given at Christmas.
- Spanish is spoken in Peru.
- The classroom is tidied every day.
Упражнение 12. Possible answers.
- New words are always written by us into our exercise books.
Where are the new words written by us?
- Every text is followed by exercises.
What for is every text followed by exercises?
- The school library is used by pupils.
By whom is the school library used?
- The school uniform is not worn by all pupils.
Why isn’t the school uniform worn by all pupils?
- The text-books are given to us by the teacher.
What is given to us by the teacher?
- My clothes are washed by my mother.
By whom are my clothes washed?
Упражнение 13. Possible answers.
- What is situated in the centre of the city?
Where is the park situated?
- The statue is made by a famous sculptor, isn’t it?
- What is held in this square?
Where are the demonstrations held?
- Is the square planned round the monument?
- How is the obelisk i decorated?
- Is the tent put up on a rock or in the forest?
Упражнение 14.
- Are shoes sold in this shop?
- Is tea brought from India?
- Is English taught at your school?
- Are bicycles made at this factory?
- Is he paid a lot of money?
- Where are bananas sold?
Упражнение 15.
- The words are written on the blackboard.
- This book is sold in many shops.
- Is he often sent letters?
- When are the newspapers brought?
- This park is often shown to the tourists
- Breakfast is not served in our school.
- These texts are not learnt by heart.
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Passive voice pre-intermediate exercises.
Упражнение 4.
А) 1 are cut, 2 are mixed, 3 is cut,4 are mixed, 5 are mixed, 6 is added
- B) 1 are sent, 2 are interviewed, 3 are filmed, 4 is taken, 5 are chosen, 6 is sent, 7 is watched
- c) 1 is situated, 2 is made up, 3 isn’t washed, 4 isn’t separated, 5 is bordered, 6 be found, 7 is covered.
Упражнение 5.
- Computers are used in a lot of schools.
- CDs are made of plastic.
- The information can be seen on the screen.
- The answers are calculated very quickly.
- The game is played on a computer
- E-mails are sent with a modem.
- Information is stored on a disk.
- Text messages are sent using mobile phones
- The Internet is used to get information.
Упражнение 6.
- But milk is not sold in this shop.
- But their house is not built of wood.
- But my exercise-books are not kept on the shelf.
- But my elder brother is not usually given fruit and milk for supper.
- But oranges are not grown in Belarus.
- But paper is not made of sand.
- But my jackets are not made by my mother.
- But sports programmes are not watched by many people.
- But that cherry-tree is not planted by me.
- But all the rules are not always learnt by the pupils.
Упражнение 7. Your own answers.
Упражнение 8.
- What game is won by our school team?
- When is the map brought from England?
- Why are my books not kept on the shelf?
- Where are school meetings held every month?
- What is filled with something?
- When is hockey usually played by boys?
- Why are oranges not grown in Belarus?
- Why is the dinner not served yet?
- By whom are new rules explained at the lesson?
Past simple passive voice. exercises level pre-intermediate.
Упражнение 2. Read the text. Put the verbs in brackets in Past Simple Passive. Guess the famous object.
This old building is in one of the countries of Europe. It’s not a natural object. It 1_______ (to make) by man a long time ago. Now it 2____________ (to see) as a tourist attraction. It’s a famous old building. It 3__________ (not to build) by the Romans.
Galileo, the famous scientist, dropped heavy objects from this building to make his experiments. The upper floor 4 ___________ (to complete) in 1319. It 5_________ (to build) by Tommaso Pisano. The largest bell of the building 6 ____________ (to install) in 1655. The bell-chamber 7___________ (to add) in 1372.
Упражнение 3. Write down the historical facts. Use the dates from the box. Follow the example.
1067, 1870, 1607, 776 BC, 860, 1703, 1850
Example: Minsk (to found) — Minsk was founded in 1067.
- Minsk (to found).
- Ancient Troy (to find) by German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann.
- The first English settlement (to found) in Virginia.
- The first Olympic Games (to hold) in Greece.
- Swedish Vikings (to invite) to rule Russia.
- St. Petersburg (to found) by Peter the Great.
- The first jeans (to make) by Oscar Levi Strauss
Упражнение 4. Write sentences. Use the past simple passive.
my laptop / steal / last week.
the men / arrest / by the police
the painting / sell / for £500
the goal / score / by Raul
Present simple passive (страдательный залог): упражнение № 1. раскройте скобки
Пожалуйста, раскройти скобки, соблюдая правила построения утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложений в Present Simple Passive.
The exercises (to do) every day by them
The flowers (not to water) every day
Why these books (to read) by so many people?
His car (to fix) every year
The pictures (not to paint) every week
When breakfast (to eat)?
TV (to watch) every day
Meal (not to prepare) every day by him
Why he (to help) by her?
The text (to type) every day by him
The vegetables (not to buy) often by her
Toys (to sell) in this store?
I (to listen) to by many people
He (not to praise) very often by the teacher
He (to talk) to regularly by others?
Ответы и примеры утверждений, отрицаний и вопросов в Present Simple Passive (Страдательный Залог, Упражнение на раскрытие скобок):
The exercises are done every day by them
Упражнения выполняются ими каждый деньThe flowers are not watered every day
Цветы поливают не каждый деньWhy are these books read by so many people?
Почему эти книги читают так много людей?His car is fixed every year
Его машина чинится каждый годThe pictures are not painted every week
Картины не пишутся каждую неделюWhen is breakfast eaten?
Когда завтракают?TV is watched every day
Телевизор смотрят каждый деньMeal is not prepared every day by him
Еда не готовится им каждый деньWhy is he helped by her?
Почему она ему помогает?The text is typed every day by him
Текст набирается им каждый деньThe vegetables are not bought often by her
Овощи она покупает нечастоAre toys sold in this store?
Продаются ли в этом магазине игрушки?I am listened to by many people
Ко мне прислушиваются многие людиHe is not praised very often by the teacher
Учитель не очень часто хвалит егоIs he talked to regularly by others?
Общаются ли с ним регулярно другие люди?
Present simple passive (страдательный залог): упражнение № 2. переведите предложения
Пожалуйста, переведите предложения, соблюдая правила построения утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложений в Present Simple Passive.
Обратите внимание, что предложения ниже представлены в действительном залоге.
Его мама часто его ругает
Он не носит эту рубашку часто
Они едят эту еду?
Он создает скульптуры
Они не играют в футбол
Она набирает этот текст?
Он чувствует эту боль
Я не пью чай
Все меня видят?
Он чинит окно
Она не играет в видеоигры
Они тушат пожары?
Он принимает таблетки
Они не стирают текст
Они обменивают игрушки?
Ответы и примеры утверждений, отрицаний и вопросов в Present Simple Passive (Страдательный Залог, Упражнение на перевод):
He is often scolded by his mother
This shirt is not worn by him often
Is this food eaten by them?
Sculptures are created by him
Football is not played by them
Is this text typed by her?
This pain is felt by him
Tea is not drunk by me
Am I seen by everyone?
The window is repaired by him
Video games are not played by her
Are fires extinguished by them?
Pills are taken by him
The text is not erased by them
Are toys traded by them?
Present simple passive: упражнения с ответами | englishpresent
Вот несколько упражнений по Present Simple Passive. Практикуйте построение утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложений в страдательном залоге в Present Simple.
Раскройте скобки, принимая во внимание правила построения утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложений в Present Simple Passive.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на правила построения утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложений в страдательном залоге настоящего простого времени.
V. a) use each verb in present simple passive, past simple passive or future simple — школьные
А) используйте каждый глагол в present simple passive past simple passive и future simple — школьные
Как перевести предложение из активного залога в пассивный?
Для перевода предложения из активного залога в пассивный нужно предпринять несколько шагов.
- Находим в предложении подлежащее и дополнение.
Somebody has stolen my car.
Somebody – подлежащее, my car – дополнение.
- Определяем время предложения.
В нашем случае это Present Perfect.
- Образуем предложение в пассивном залоге. Дополнение становиться на место подлежащего. Для правильного образования временной формы ставим глагол to be во время исходного предложения и прибавляем третью форму смыслового глагола.
My car has been stolen.
Иногда в предложении есть 2 дополнения, соответственно мы можем сделать несколько вариантов предложений в страдательном залоге.
My brother gave mea dictionary. (Два дополнения – me и a dictionary)
I was given a dictionary.
A dictionary was given to me.
Предпочтительным является первый вариант, в котором подлежащее выражено одушевленным местоимением, но оба варианта допустимы.
С двумя дополнениями употребляются следующие глаголы:
Bring Buy Give Leave Lend Offer Owe | Promise Show Send Teach Tell Write pay |
А теперь немного практики.
Упражнение 5. Преобразуйте предложения из активного залога в пассивный.
- They are now building new hospitals in the provinces.
- Will they publish her new novel next year?
- They will have completed the new petrol station by winter.
- The police have just arrested Jimmy on suspicion of murder.
- They cut the gas off because Mr. and Mrs. Green hadn’t paid their bill.
- They will open a new hotel next week.
- Our managers discuss important matters every Tuesday.
- The government closed the plant last year.
Упражнение 6. Преобразуйте предложения из пассивного залога в активный, добавив лицо либо предмет, совершающего действие, где это необходимо.
- Return tickets should have been reserved two weeks ago.
- Two single rooms had been booked for the friends by their travel agent.
- The pyramids are being ruined by the tourists.
- The new sofa will have been delivered by noon.
- When will Molly be told the time of his arrival?
- Why hasn’t my car been repaired yet?
- An ancient settlement has been uncovered by archaeologists.
- Hundreds of rare birds are killed every day.
- The picnic was ruined by bad weather.
- Who were these roses planted for?
Когда употребляется страдательный залог?
Существует мнение, что следует избегать употребления страдательного залога особенно в письменной речи, чтобы не усложнять высказывание. Это действительно так: не нужно употреблять страдательный залог там, где можно употребить действительный. Когда стоит употреблять пассивный залог? Есть несколько случаев:
- Лицо / предмет, совершающее действие, неизвестно.
Our house was broken into last week. – Наш дом ограбили на прошлой неделе.
- Лицо / предмет, совершающее действие, не важен.
The job will be finished by Monday. – Работа будет закончена к понедельнику.
- Лицо / предмет, совершающее действие, очевиден из контекста.
My brother was fined for driving without license. – Моего брата оштрафовали за вождение без прав.
- когда мы заинтересованы в действии, а не в деятеле (в новостях, инструкциях, заголовках, объявлениях).
The international exhibition of sport equipment will be held next month. – Международная выставка спортивного оборудования будет проведена в следующем месяце.
- Для описания процесса приготовления, инструкция проведения исследований и пр.
Water is heated and added to the mixture. – Вода нагревается и добавляется к смеси.
- В официальных объявлениях, в научных докладах.
Much research has been conducted on this topic. – Множество исследований было проведено по этой теме.
Прежде, чем перейти к следующему блоку правил, давайте закрепим полученную информацию и выполним упражнение.
Упражнение 1. Соотнесите предложения 1 — 8 с правилами употребления пассивного залога a — e.
1 – b/e, 2 — ? …
- Smoking is not allowed in the reception room.
- Talks will be held in Stockholm next week.
- Fees must be paid in advance.
- The kidnappers have been arrested.
- Cars left here will be towed away.
- The research was carried out last year.
- The check must be signed.
- All the documents have been stolen.
- неизвестно, кто выполняет действие.
- неважно, кто выполняет действие.
- из контекста ясно, кто выполняет действие.
- газетный заголовок (название статьи), привлекающий внимание к происходящим событиям,
- описание процесса в инструкциях, научных работах, собственно инструкции, правила
Упражнение 2. Подумайте, какое из предложений лучше использовать – в активном залоге или в пассивном.
- There’s going to be a big art exhibition.
a) A lot of visitors will be attracted to it
b) It will attract a lot of visitors.
2. Telephone is an apparatus with which people can talk to each other over long distances.
a) The telephone was invented by A. Bell.
b) A. Bell invented the telephone.
3. Alexander Bell is a British inventor who went to live in Canada and then in the USA.
a) The telephone was invented by A. Bell.
b) A. Bell invented the telephone,
4. We’ve bought a new computer.
a) It can do the job much more quickly.
b) The job can be done much more quickly.
Модальные глаголы в пассивном залоге.
Если в состав сказуемого в активном залоге входят модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты, то в страдательном залоге это сказуемое будет выглядеть следующим образом:
модальный глагол be Past Participle
We must finish work in May. (Мы должны закончить работу в мае.) – Our work must be finished in May.
You can buy this book in any bookshop. (Вы можете купить эту книгу в любом книжном магазине.) – This book can be bought in any bookshop.
Обратите внимание, что после глаголов hear, help, make (в значении «заставлять»), see в страдательных оборотах следует инфинитив с частицей to.
I was made to wash the dishes. – Меня заставили помыть посуду.
Molly will be helped to finish her project. – Молли помогут завершить ее проект.
Образование форм passive voice
Временные формы страдательного залога образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола «to be» в соответствующем времени и смыслового глагола в форме причастия прошедшего времени Past Participle (третья форма глагола). Как образовать Participle II?
Таким образом, общая схема образования представлена на картинке:
Таблица временных форм пассивного залога:
Indefinite | Continuous | Perfect | |
Present | A picture is painted | A picture is being painted | A picture has been painted |
Past | A picture was painted | A picture was being painted | A picture had been painted |
Future | A picture will be painted | — | A picture will have been painted |
Future — in — the — Past | A picture would be painted | — | A picture would have been painted |
Таким образом, при изменении времени в страдательном залоге изменяется только глагол «to be», смысловой глагол имеет во всех временах одну и ту же форму – третью ( Past Participle / Participle II.
Выбор временных форм пассивного залога осуществляется на основании тех же правил, что и соответствующих форм активного залога. Наречия времени могут служить маркерами при выборе необходимой формы.
Обратите внимание, что в пассивном залоге отсутствует группа времен Perfect Continuous, нет здесь и формы Future Continuous.
При образовании вопросов в пассивном залоге перед подлежащим ставится либо сам глагол «to be» в соответствующем времени, либо вспомогательный глагол употребляемого грамматического времени.
При образовании отрицательной формы частица not ставится:
1) либо после глагола «to be»
2) либо после вспомогательного глагола употребляемого грамматического времени.
Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос |
He is asked. | He is not asked. | Is he asked. |
He was asked | He was not asked | Was he asked |
Не will be asked | Не won’t be asked | Will hе be asked |
Не is being asked | Не is not being asked | Is hе being asked |
He was being asked | He was not being asked | Was he being asked |
He has been asked | He hasn’t been asked | Has he been asked |
He had been asked | He hadn’t been asked | Had he been asked |
На сайте есть упражнения на следующие времена страдательного залога:
Давайте немного попрактикуемся в использовании времен пассивного залога.
Упражнение 3. Напишите нужную форму глагола do.
- The work ____________ at the moment.
- The work _______ by 2 o’clock tomorrow.
- The work _______ by the time you come home.
- The work _______ by the time he came home.
- The work __________ yet.
- The work ______ just ______.
- The work _________ while I was getting ready for classes.
- The work __________ two weeks later.
- The work __________ when I entered the room.
Упражнение 4. Расскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужном времени пассивного или активного залога.
The College 1______ officially _________ (open) last week. The college campus 2_________ (build) around a main square. This is the heart of the college as all the paths and walkways lead out from this point. Car parking 3____________ (limit) and, in fact, students 4_________ (not encourage) to come by car as the college 5______________ (serve) by a new bus service.
There 8______ (be) already two open days and a third open 9______ (plan) for next week. So whether you want to start studying or not why don’t you go out to Hardacre and see everything it has to offer.
Ответы к упражнениям.
Упражнение 1.
1 – b/е, 2 – b/d, 3 – е, 4 – с,d, 5 – b/е, 6 – b, 7 – c/е, 8 — a
Упражнение 2.
1 – b, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 — a
Упражнение 3.
1 is being done, 2 will be done, 3 will have been done, 4 had been done, 5 hasn’t been done, 6 has just been done, 7 was being done, 8 will be done, 9 was being done
Упражнение 4.
1 was officially opened, 2 is/was built, 3 is limited, 4 are not encouraged, 5 is served, 6 is situated, 7 has been, 8 have already been, 9 is planned
Упражнение 5.
- New hospitals are now being built in the provinces.
- Will her new novel be published next year?
- The new petrol station will have been completed by winter.
- Jimmy has just been arrested on suspicion of murder.
- The gas was cut off because the bill hadn’t been paid by Mr. and Mrs. Green.
- A new hotel will be opened next week.
- Important matters are discussed (by our managers) every Tuesday.
- The plant was closed last year.
Упражнение 6.
- We should have reserved return tickets two weeks ago.
- The travel agent had booked two single rooms for the friends.
- The tourists are ruining the pyramids.
- They will have delivered the sofa by noon.
- When will Tom tell Molly the time of his arrival?
- Why haven’t you repaired my car yet?
- Archaeologists have uncovered an ancient settlement.
- People kill hundreds of rare birds every day.
- Bad weather ruined the picnic.
- For whom did you plant these roses?
Упражнение 7.
1 with, 2 by, 3 with, 4 with, 5 with, 6 with, 7 by,with, 8 with, 9 by, 10 with, 11 by, 12 by, 13 with, 14 by, 15 with, 16 with, 17 by
Надеюсь, эти правила и упражнения помогли Вам разобраться в теме The Passive Voice.
Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!
Ответы к упражнениям. answers to the exercises.
Упражнение 1.
1 was discovered, 2 entertained, 3 arrived, 4 were done, 5 were invited, 6 discussed, 7 learnt, 8 painted
Упражнение 2.
1 was made, 2 is seen, 3 wasn’t built, 4 was completed, 5 was built, 6 was installed, 7 was added
This is Piza Tower — Italy.
Упражнение 3.
1 Minsk was founded in 1067. 2. Ancient Troy was found by German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann in 1870. 3. The first English settlement was founded in Virginia in 1607. 4. The first Olympic Games were held in Greece in 776 BC. 5. Swedish Vikings were invited to rule Russia in 860. 6. St. Petersburg was founded by Peter the Great in 1703. 7. The first jeans were made by Oscar Levi Strauss in the USA in 1850.
Упражнение 4.
Помогите пожалуйста : use each verb in present simple passive. past simple passive or future — школьные
Хлеб едят каждый день.
2) The letters were received yesterday.
Письма были доставлены вчера.
3) Nick will be sent to Moscow next week.
Ник будет отправлен в Москву на следующей неделе.
4) I was given a very interesting book at the library last Friday.
Мне дали очень интересную книгу в библиотеке в прошлую пятницу.
5) Many houses are built in our town every day.
Много домов каждый день постраиваются в нашем городе.
6) This work will be done tomorrow.
Эта работа будет завтра сделана.
Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форму пассивного залога past simple. например: your credit card — школьные
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в present, past, future simple passive. 1. this bone — школьные
Употребление пассивного залога с разными типами глаголов
Глагол с одним дополнением – переходный глагол. Дополнение становится подлежащим пассивного залога.
He runs the company. – Он управляет компанией.The company is run by him. – Компания управляется им.Переходный глагол, который принимает после себя два дополнения – прямое и косвенное. Любое дополнение может стать подлежащим
пассивного залога.
Bob gives me presents. – Боб дарит мне подарки.
I am given presents. – Мне дарят подарки.
Presents are given to me. – Подарки дарят мне.Распространенные глаголы такого типа:- to advise – советовать
- to allow – позволять
- to ask – спрашивать
- to deny – отрицать
- to forgive – прощать
- to give – давать
- to grant – дарить
- to offer – предлагать
- to order – приказывать
- to pay – платить
- to promise – обещать
- to refuse – отказывать
- to show – показывать
- to teach – учить
- to tell – говорить
Глагол, принимающий предложное дополнение, которое тоже может стать подлежащим, но предлог остается после глагола.
- to agree to/with – соглашаться на что-то/с чем-то
Her opinion is usually agreed with. — С ее мнением обычно соглашаются.
- to agree on/upon – прийти к соглашению
The place to spend the summer is agreed on. — Вопрос о месте проведения лета решен.
- to arrive at an agreement – прийти к соглашению
The agreement on the issue is arrived at. — К соглашению по поводу этой проблемы пришли.
- to arrive at a compromise – прийти к компромиссу
The compromise between my friends is never arrived at. — Мои друзья никогда не могут прийти к компромиссу.
- to arrive at a conclusion – прийти к заключению
The conclusion is arrived at. — К заключению пришли.
- to arrive at a decision – прийти к решению
The decision should be arrived at. — К этому решению следует прийти
- to call for/on – зайти за кем-то
John is sometimes called for. — За Джоном иногда заходят.
- to count on – надеяться, расчитывать на что-либо
He can’t be counted on. — На него нельзя рассчитывать.
- to deal with – иметь дело с
This company shouldn’t be dealt with. — С этой компанией не стоит иметь дел.
- to find fault with – придираться к кому-либо или чему-либо
Mike is often found fault with. — К Майку постоянно придираются.This city is never heard of. — Об этом городе никогда ничего не слышно.
- to insist on/upon – настаивать на чем-то
This solution is insisted on. — На этом решении настаивают.
- to interfere with – вмешиваться, мешать
My plans are always interfered with. — В мои планы часто вмешиваются.
- to laugh at – смеяться над кем-то/чем-то
My brother is often laughed at. – Над моим братом часто смеются.
- to look after – ухаживать/присматривать за кем-либо
My Granny needs to be looked after. – За моей бабушкой нужно ухаживать.She is never looked at. — На нее никогда не смотрят.
- to make fun of – насмехаться над кем-то
I am never made fun of. — Надо мной никогда не насмехаются.
- to pay attention to – обращать внимание на что-то
The issue isn’t paid much attention to. — На эту проблему обращают мало внимания.
- to put up with – примириться с чем-либо
This situation is put up with. — С этой ситуацией мирятся.
- to refer to – ссылаться на что-либо
This article is often referred to. — На эту статью часто ссылаются.
- to rely on/upon – полагаться на что-либо, кого-либо
His words aren’t relied on. — На его слова не полагаются.
- to send for – посылать за кем-то
The doctor is sent for. — За доктором уже послали
- to speak about/of, to – говорить о ком-то/с кем-то
This new girl is spoken about a lot. — Об этой новенькой много говорят.
- to take care of – заботиться о ком-либо
The dog is taken care of. — О собаке заботятся.
- to talk about – говорить о чем-то, ком-то
The film is much talked about. — Об этом фильме много говорят.
- to think of – думать о ком-либо
They are much thought of. — О них много думают.
- to write about – писать о чем-то/ ком-то
This story is much written about. — Об этой истории много пишут.
- to frown at/on/upon – осуждать
His actions shouldn’t be frowned on. — Его действия не стоит осуждать.
- to (dis)approve of – (не) одобрять
My behaviour is always disapproved of. — Мое поведение всегда вызывает неодобрение.
- to dispose of – избавиться от
This letter should be disposed of. — От этого письма нужно избавиться.
- to look upon as – считать за, смотреть как на
He is looked upon as a couch potato. — Его считают лентяем.
Глагол, принимающий после себя прямое и предложное дополнение.
В данном случае только прямое дополнение в пассиве может стать подлежащим.
The teacher explains the rule to the students. – Учитель объясняет правило ученикам.
The rule is explained to the students. – Правило объясняется ученикам.
The students are explained the rule. – Такое предложение не может быть построено.После следующих глаголов ТОЛЬКО прямое дополнение может стать подлежащим
в пассивном залоге:- to explain – объяснять
- to point out – указать на что-либо
- to announce – объявлять
- to describe – описывать
- to dictate – диктовать
- to mention – упоминать to somebody
- to repeat – повторять
- to suggest – предлагать
- to propose – предлагать
- to translate – переводить
- to demonstrate – демонстрировать
- to recommend – рекомендовать
Глаголы, которые заключают в себе активные и пассивные значения. Их еще называют конверсивами. Эти глаголы не всегда нужно ставить в пассивный залог.
- to sell – продавать/продаваться
- to wash – мыть/мыться
- to peel – очищать/отшелушиваться
- to crease – мять/ мяться
- to wear – носить/носиться
- to bake – печь/печься
- to burn – гореть/сжигать
These oranges peel well. – Эти апельсины хорошо чистятся.
These oranges are peeled. — Эти апельсины очищены.
Smartphones sell fast. — Смартфоны быстро продаются.
Vegetables are sold here. — Овощи продаются здесь.Существует ряд глаголов, которые не используются
в пассивном залоге:a) непереходные глаголы
(глаголы, которые обозначают действие, но не могут иметь при себе прямого дополнения), например, to sleep — спать, to arrive — прибывать, to live – жить.
He lives in the country. – Он живет в деревне.b) возвратные глаголы
(с oneself)
The girl cut herself. – Девочка порезалась.
Mike hurt himself during the match. — Во время матча Майк получил травму.
I burned myself. — Я обжегся.c) глаголы состояния, обладания:
to lack – испытывать недостаток, нехватку
He lacks discipline. — Ему не хватает дисциплины.to become – становиться
The story becomes more interesting. — История становится еще интереснее.to fit – подходить
This shirt doesn’t fit her. — Эта рубашка не сидит на ней.to suit – подходить/быть к лицу
The dress suits her. – Платье ей идет.to resemble – напоминать, быть похожим.
He resembles my uncle. — Он напоминает моего дядю.to have – иметь
I have a treasure. — У меня есть сокровище.Также
пассивный залог используется в конструкции с местоимением it, которое выступает в качестве формального подлежащего:- It is said… — говорят, что…
- It is reported… — сообщили, что…
- It can/may/should be said… — можно/нужно сказать, что…
It is said that the concert is on Tuesday. – Сказали, что концерт будет во вторник.
Пассивные конструкции
могут образовываться с некоторыми устойчивыми глагольными сочетаниями, которые требуют косвенного дополнения:- to make a fool of – поставить кого-либо в глупое положение
He is always made a fool of. — Из него всегда делают дурака.
- to take care of – заботиться о ком-либо
She is never taken care of. — О ней никогда не заботятся.
- to put an end to – положить чему-либо конец
The wave of crime is put an end to. – Волне преступлений положен конец.
- to comment on – комментировать
The issue is rarely commented on. — Этот вопрос редко комментируют.He is never listened to. — Его никогда не слушают.
- to look after – присматривать
The children are looked after. — За детьми присматривают.
- to lose sight of – потерять из виду
The boat is lost sight of. – Лодка пропала из вида.
- to provide for – обеспечивать
The family is well provided for. — Семья хорошо обеспечена.
Употребление предлогов by, with в passive voice
Предлоги by и with употребляются при необходимости упоминания лица или предмета, осуществляющего действие, а также предмета, являющегося инструментом действия или материалом, с помощью которого действие производится
Предлог by используется, чтобы сказать, что или кто выполнил действие.
The cake was cooked by my Granny.
Предлог with употребляется для того, чтобы рассказать какой инструмент или материал был использован.
The bread was cur with a knife.
Мы уже знаем, что в Passive Voice можно и вовсе не употреблять предлоги by и with, так как упоминание действующего лица и тем более материала или инструмента необязательно.
Однако в вопросительных конструкциях в пассивном залоге, начинающихся с who (кем?) и иногда с what (чем?) всегда присутствует предлог by.
Who was the Mona Lisa painted by? – Кем была написана Мона Лиза?
What was the flood caused by? – Чем было вызвано наводнение.
Обратите внимание, что возможна и такая форма постановки вопроса, когда предлог стоит на первом месте, что более характерно для официального стиля.
By whom was Australia discovered?
By what was the flood caused?
With what was the window broken?
Давайте немного попрактикуемся!
Упражнение 7. Заполните пропуски предлогами with или by.
- In his childhood Tom used to be beaten ____ a stick.
- My parents were married ____ a priest.
- Molly’s bedroom wall was covered ____ posters.
- The house was surrounded ___ flowerbeds.
- His shorts were covered ___ mud.
- Tom had been stabbed ___ a penknife.
- The deer was shot ___ a hunter ___ rifle.
- Soup is eaten ___ a spoon.
- The new swimming pool has been just opened ___ the mayor.
- During the robbery, the manager was hit ____ a baseball bat.
- Extra training was provided ____ the company.
- This story was written ___ Agatha Christie.
- The bear was shot ____ a gun.
- Trained dogs are used ____ the police.
- The hall was decorated _____ pink and purple balloons.
- University laboratories are equipped _____ up-to-date devices.
- Rare books, issued ____ British publishers, are being shown at the exhibition.
Упражнение 1. времена simple в пассивном залоге
Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в одну из трех форм: Present Simple Passive, Past Simple Passive, Future Simple Passive. Обращайте внимание на перевод, чтобы понять, какое время имеется в виду.
Упражнение 2. времена continuous в пассивном залоге
Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в одну из форм: Continuous Passive. Обращайте внимание на перевод, чтобы понять, какое время имеется в виду.
Упражнение 3. времена pefrect в пассивном залоге
Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в одну из форм: Perfect Passive. Обращайте внимание на перевод, чтобы понять, какое время имеется в виду.
Упражнение 4. все времена в пассивном залоге.
Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в одну из форм пассивного залога. Обращайте внимание на контекст и перевод, чтобы понять, какая видовременная форма имеется в виду.
Упражнение на английский пассивный залог | объясним ответы
Пример: This library … (build) in 1921. – This library was built in 1921.
Пример: The pie was made … the peaches. – The pie was made with the peaches.
Пример: Kate is writing an essay right now. – An essay is being written by Kate right now.
Пример: Many women and children … (hurt) in the car accident yesterday. –
Many women and children were hurt in the car accident yesterday.
Упражнения
1. Закончите предложения, используя один из этих глаголов в правильной форме настоящего или прошедшего времени:
- Many accidents by dangerous driving.
- Cheese from milk.
- The roof of the building in a storm a few days ago.
- You to the wedding. Why didn’t you go?
- A cinema is a place where films .
- In the United States, elections for president every four years.
- Originally the book in Spanish, and a few years ago it into English.
- Although we were driving quite fast, we by a lot of other cars.
- You can’t see the house from the road. It by trees.
2. Напишите вопросы, используя пассив настоящего или прошедшего времени.
- Ask about glass. (how/make?)
- Ask about television. (when / invent?)
- Ask about mountains. (how / form?)
- Ask about Pluto (the planet). (when / discover?)
- Ask about silver. (what / use for?)
3. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму: present simple или past simple, active или passive.

